- 업종: Weather
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The American Meteorological Society promotes the development and dissemination of information and education on the atmospheric and related oceanic and hydrologic sciences and the advancement of their professional applications. Founded in 1919, AMS has a membership of more than 14,000 professionals, ...
In the most general sense, any process or set of processes that evolves in time and in which the evolution is governed by some set of physical laws. The term is also used to refer to mathematical models that evolve in time. These systems can range from relatively simple, for instance, systems of a few variables governed by a few equations, to extremely complex, like the complete climate system.
Industry:Weather
The standard unit of dynamic height, defined as 10 m2 s−2; it is related to the geopotential φ, the geometric height z in meters, and the geopotential height Z in geopotential meters by
where g is the acceleration of gravity in meters per second squared. (Some sources prefer to give the constants 10 and 9. 8 the units of meters per second squared so that the units of φ and Z would be the same as those of the geometric height. )
The dynamic meter is about 2% longer than the geometric meter and the geopotential meter.
Industry:Weather
The unit of force in the centimeter–gram–second system of physical units, that is, one gm cm s−2, equal to 7. 233 × 10−5 poundal.
Industry:Weather
The hypothesis, first proposed by Balfour Stewart, that explains the regular daily variations in the earth's magnetic field in terms of electrical currents in the lower ionosphere, generated by tidal motions of the ionized air across the earth's magnetic field.
Industry:Weather
In oceanography, the excess of the actual geopotential difference, between two given isobaric surfaces, over the geopotential difference in a homogeneous water column of salinity of 35 psu and temperature 0°C.
Industry:Weather
Forecasting the state of the atmosphere (using a numerical weather prediction model with observed initial conditions) beyond the range for which individual cyclonic-scale disturbances are predictable. Although, in general, the useful information regarding cyclonic-scale disturbances has been lost in the extended range, the behavior of large-scale, lower-frequency phenomena may still be predictable.
Industry:Weather
A measure of the ability of a fluid to resist or recover from finite perturbations of a steady state. A negative value of dynamic stability is equivalent to dynamic instability.
Industry:Weather
Airflow or wind characteristics that behave alike in different situations. For example, a vertical wind profile in one location might have the same shape as a wind profile in a different location, except for differences in depth or wind speed. When such vertical profiles are expressed in terms of dimensionless height and dimensionless wind profile, then the profiles often become a common curve that can be described by a single dimensionless equation. See similarity theory.
Industry:Weather
In engineering fluid mechanics, the kinetic energy, (1/2)V2, of the fluid, where is the density and V the speed. This applies in cases where this quantity may be conveniently considered as adding to the static pressure; that is, the dynamic pressure at a given point is the difference between the static pressure at that point and the total pressure at the stagnation point of the same streamline. This concept must be distinguished from the hydrodynamic pressure, and the terminology is confusing in meteorological contexts.
Industry:Weather
A measure of the ability of an amplifier, transducer, receiver, or other kind of sensor to measure both weak and strong signals. Specifically, the range of input levels, ordinarily expressed in decibels, over which the system can operate within some specified range of performance; for example, the range over which the response of the system is linear or approximately linear.
Industry:Weather
